Electricity+and+Magnetism

=Resume of what I did this Week:= Followers of my blog, this past days in class we have been learning of Electricity. We were asked to complete a simple motor. My motor was composed with a D battery, 2 paper clips and a round piece made of copper. I had to scratch 2 sides of the wire so that the neggative and positive charges made the round copper rotate. Since the loop is in a magnetic field, the forces inside it will keep the loop moving. When this happens the insulator part of the wire turns as well blocking the current trough the loop eliminating the turning forces. The loop then goes trough a whole turn ending where it began and this process goes all over again. My motor is was an electromagnet which means that it can turn on and of. The battery was the energy source wich kept the wire moving. Here goes a link to my motor (it is me in the motor): [] After doing the motor we where sperated in groups of four to do a poster about this topics that we have learned in previous years. //1. **How charges interact**:// To begin there is two types of charges, the negative and the positive charges. Being the positive charges the ones responsible to push electrons away and the negative the ones that pull the electrons towards them. When you put different charges together for example -/+ charges they will attract themselfs. When we put two of the same charges together for example +/+ or -/-, they will repell. Here goes a picture explaining my thoughts: The arrows show the exact direction of the push. The positive charges are interacting with the negative charges. And in the picture in the right we can see how the arrows dont match up meaning that same charges cant interract.

//**2 - How charges can be transferred between materials and explain them:**// There are 3 different ways that charges can be transferred which are Friction, Conduction, and Induction.

Friction is when two uncharged objects rub or slide over one other. Friction slows motion down. It keeps objects from moving. Smooth surfaces make less friction. A rough surface makes more friction. For example when we rub a ballod on the airplane seat the electrons from the seat pases to the ballon causing an overall negative charge on the balloon and positive charge on the seat since it lost electrons. This makes the ballon attract our hair since negative attracts positive.



Conduction is when electrons are passed from one object to another by direct contact. An example of heat conduction is when you just cocked a food and the hot particles from the stove get direct contact with your finger, and how that hurts. The hot particles from the stove heat you fingers cold particles and you get burned. Gas has a low densety cant do conduction because they are not good insulators like a metal stove.

Induction is the movement of electrons to one part of an object to another because of and electric field of the other object. A good example of induction is our fingers getting a shock while getting close to a doorknob. If I touch the person finger in the doorknob, the electrons will go to the persons finger due to the protons in the doorknob that attracts the electrons.

//**3 - Explain how an electric current is produced**// To begin an eletric current is the continuous flow of electric charges through a material. The amount of charges that passes through the wire is called Ampers. So if the current is increased the more charges will pass trough the wire every second. The Electrons follow an organized flow. This flow is made by a push wich in many cases is a battery or anything that pushes. To produce an eletric current, charges must flow continuously from one place to another.

//**4 - Comparing conductors and insulators**// Conductors are materials that charges can flow easily. In a conductor, atoms contain electrons that are bound loosley. These electrons, are called conduction electrons wich are able to move loosley trough a conductor. Conductors are used to carry electric charge. Examples of conductors are iron and copper. This is why most wires are made of copper. Insulators are materials that charges cant flow easily. The electrons in a insulator are bound tightly to their atoms and do not move easily. Examples are, Rubber, glass, sand, plastic, and wood. Insulators are use to stop the flow of charges.

//**5 - How resistance affect current**// First to understand resistance here goes an explanation, Resistance is the mesure of how difficult it is fo charges to flow trhough a material. Lets use pipes as examples. A wide pipe has less resistance than a narrow pipe. Similarly, a thick wire has less resistance than a thin wire. The pipes flow water the wires flows electrons. A short pipe has less resistance than a long pipe. Similarly, a short wire has less resistance than a long wire. The mesurment of resistance is ohms. By saying that current depends on resistance. The greater the resistance, the less there is for a given voltage. Electrons will always go through the path with less resistance because the flow is faster.

//**6 - How to use Ohm's law to calculate resistance affects current**// The ohms law says that R=V/I. R is resistance, and it is measured in oh ms. V is voltage and voltage is measured in volts. I is current and it is measured in Amperes. This formula shows that if you increase the resistance you diminuish the current, if the voltage stays the same. T he current decreases because it is harder for electrons to pass therefore they become slower

//**7 - Know how to build series and parallel circuits and describe its parts**//



The topic I was assingned was:
 * I can build series and parallel circuits and describe its parts

In a series circuit energy can flow in one path and in a parralel it can choose wich path to go meaning that there can be less resistance because electrons will choose to go to the path with less resistance. We did a nice presentantion and the topic I think we did the best was explaining why the series circuit light bulb was lighter. This has a lot to do with ohms law because the grater the resistance the less the current, in this case the lightbulb being brighter or not. Also in the parralel circuit there is more resistance (2) light bulbs and in the series circuit is (1). If it went for a grade we would get a good grade. I learned a lot in the presentation so I didnt have to study a lot for the quiz and got a 4, a good grade.

//**8 - Explain the relationship between power, voltage and current**// The formula for us to find power is P= V*I. P for power that is measured in Watts, V for voltage that is measured in volts and I for current that is measured in Amperes. Powe is the rate at which energu is transformed from one form to another. This may be, electrical, from the circuit, to mechanical, for example the spinning of a fan.

Personal Reflection
In my opinion i still have a lot to learn about all this subjects. I need to study a lot more if i want to get a good grade in a future test. I understand some problems but it is hard for me to understand things not visible like magnetic fields. I did a good job doing my motor, and maybe in the future want to become a mechanical engeneer.

After this Ms. Silva did a presentation about electromagnets and that many trains use a magnetic field to move. I had a huge discussion with my dad and he explained to me how it worked and said he would do one here in Brazil :). Thank you.